Where Does Your Story Begin? Explore Tracing Our Roots / Routes
In 2026, the United States marks the 250th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, one of the defining documents of the American Revolution. While the conflict is often portrayed as a struggle between Britain’s North American colonies and the Crown, the revolution’s effects extended far beyond the thirteen colonies. Across the Atlantic World, communities grappled with divided loyalties, shifting economies, and new political possibilities.
From the perspective of Bermuda and other Atlantic island colonies, the American Revolution was not simply a revolution, but a civil war within the British Empire. Families found themselves divided, trading networks were disrupted, and enslaved people navigated new pathways to freedom amid conflict and uncertainty.
As one of Britain’s earliest Atlantic colonies, Bermuda occupied a unique position during the revolutionary era. The island maintained extensive commercial and familial ties with the North American colonies and played an influential role in the development of other British Atlantic settlements, including Virginia, South Carolina, The Bahamas, and Turks and Caicos. These connections made Bermudians active participants in the political, economic, and social transformations of the late eighteenth-century Atlantic World.
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Beyond the Thirteen invites scholars, students, and members of the public to reconsider the American Revolution through a broader Atlantic lens. By moving beyond the familiar narratives centred on the thirteen colonies, the conference explores how the conflict reshaped lives and identities across Bermuda, the Caribbean, and the wider British Atlantic.
The conference will examine topics including:

The symposium will feature keynote lectures, scholarly papers, panel discussions, and roundtable conversations presented by leading Bermudian and international historians.
Together, participants will explore:
Thursday, October 8th at Bermuda College | |
| 6:00pm | Free Public Lecture at Bermuda College Butterfield and Vallis Conference Centre, ‘Telling the Story at the 250th Anniversary of the American Revolution: History Interpreted, Presented, and Reimagined’ |
Friday, October 9th at National Museum of Bermuda | |
| 9:00-9:15am | Registration and Morning refreshments |
| 9:15-9:30am | Welcome Elena Strong, Executive Director, National Museum of Bermuda and Co-President, Museums Association of the Caribbean, Dr. Clarence Maxwell, Dr. Theodore Francis, Dr. Alexandra Mairs-Kessler, Atlantic World Connections Group |
| MORNING SESSION A | “Fractured Families and Divided Communities: the Dynamics of Local and Global Conflict” |
| 9:30-9:55am | Dr. Ross Nedervelt, Florida International University, ‘Bermudians’ Divided Kinship and Maritime Commercial Networks in the American Revolution’s Atlantic Civil War’ |
| 9:55-10:20am | Zachary Kelly, PhD student, Temple University, ‘Foundational Fissures: Bermuda’s Isolationist Trends in the Global Atlantic Preceding the American Revolution, 1684-1776’ |
| 10:20-10:45pm | Dr. Alexander Goodrich, North Carolina State University, ‘Selective Memory: The Colonial Revival and American Revolutionary Heritage in Bermuda’ |
| 10:45-11:00am | Coffee Break |
| MORNING SESSION B | “Race-ing Liberty: The limits, possibilities and problems of identity in the Revolutionary era” |
| 11:00-11:25am | Melissa Bryson, PhD student, University of Missouri, ‘Paper title forthcoming’ |
| 11:25-11:50am | Caleb Blackburn-Johnson, PhD student, Yale University, ‘“When They Were Taken… They Always Returned:” The Regulator, Maritime Slavery, and Conflicting Visions of Freedom in Eighteenth Century Bermuda and Boston’ |
| 11:50-12:15pm | Dr. Kristy Warren, University of Lincoln, ‘Race and Subjecthood in Early 19th Century Bermuda’ |
| 12:15-12:35pm | Cheryl Packwood, Independent Researcher, ‘1623’ |
| 12:35-1:35pm | Lunch |
| AFTERNOON SESSION | Round Table & Closing Reflections |
| 1:35-2:50pm | Round Table with Presenters, ‘At the Crossroads of an Atlantic Civil War: 1776 Reimagined’ |
| 2:50-3:00pm | Coffe Break |
| 3:00-3:30pm | Concluding Remarks |
Melissa Bryson is a third year Ph.D. history student at the University of Missouri. She received her B.A. in history from Rutgers University in 2019, and her M.A. in history from Millersville University in 2022. Her research centers around the intellectual and political world of the Anglo-South and their intercolonial connections in the British Atlantic World from the eve of the imperial crisis from the 1760s through the 1790s.
Caleb Blackburn-Johnson is a first year PhD Student in History at Yale University, after recently completing his undergraduate studies at Columbia University, where his senior thesis won the Charles A. Beard Thesis Prize. He currently studies maritime and urban slavery in the eighteenth century British Atlantic, with a specific focus on Colonial New England and its position in and relationship to the wider British and Black Atlantic Worlds.
Dr. Ross Nedervelt is an adjunct professor of history at Florida International University in Miami, where he teaches early American and colonial Caribbean history. His research focuses on maritime border spaces, identity, and security in the Age of Revolutions.
Zachary Kelly is a second-year PhD student from Temple University, Philadelphia, USA with a focus on Atlantic history in the Early Modern era.
Dr. Alexander Goodrich has studied Atlantic World and Bermudian history for eleven years. In 2025, he defended his dissertation on public memory in Bermuda. He is now developing the dissertation into a book manuscript for publication.
Cheryl Packwood is an independent researcher and lawyer who practiced law at Shearman & Sterling in New York. She has worked in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire where she developed an international practice for a major law firm and was the Overseas Representative for Bermuda to the US and the CEO/Deputy Chairman of Business Bermuda. Ms. Packwood has authored many articles for professional magazines, journals, and reviews – covering topics in international business, finance, law, and history. She is the daughter of historian Cyril O. Packwood and Dorothy Packwood.
Clarence V.H. Maxwell presently teaches at Millersville University in Lancaster,Pennsylvania, USA, as assistant professor of Latin American and Caribbean History, the African Diaspora, and the Atlantic World. He most recently co-authored with Theodore Francis II and Alexandra Mairs-Kessler, Prudent Rebels: Bermudians and the First Age of Revolution (Bermuda/Royal Naval Dockyard: National Museum of Bermuda Press, 2019). He serves as assistant editor of the Bermuda Maritime Museum’s Bermuda Journal of Archaeology and Maritime History and is presently co-Director of Millersville University’s Atlantic World Center.
Theodore is a historian of the African Diaspora focusing on the British Caribbean and African Americans during the post-emancipation century. His work engages race, colonialism, segregation, Black travel, and tourism. Theodore’s research has been utilized by U.S. and Bermudian government bodies to address policy on racial inequity, educational reforms, the renaming of municipal sites, and land grabs. A graduate of Warwick Academy, Morehouse College, and the University of Chicago, he is the author of Prudent Rebels: Bermudians & The First Age of Revolution with Clarence Maxwell and Alexandra Mairs-Kessler. His forthcoming book (contracted by the University of Illinois Press) explores Black internationalism and African American tourism during Bermuda’s desegregation struggle. A career educator, Theodore has served as a tenured associate professor at universities in central and west Texas, developing courses and programs on Caribbean History and Africana Studies, as well as mentoring student organizations. He is currently a professor of History at Austin Community College in Austin, Texas.
Alexandra is a historian of the American Revolution in the Atlantic World. Her current work centers on loyalist refugees of the American Revolution and their resettlement in the British Atlantic. She is a contributing author of Prudent Rebels: Bermudians & The First Age of Revolution with Clarence Maxwell and Theodore Francis. Alexandra is currently contributing to projects that focus on integrating primary source research into secondary-ed classrooms.
Few places are better positioned than Bermuda to host a discussion about the American Revolution’s wider Atlantic dimensions. A longstanding British colony with deep maritime connections, Bermuda’s experience highlights how the revolutionary crisis extended far beyond the battlefields of North America.
By centering Bermudian and Caribbean perspectives, Beyond the Thirteen seeks to broaden public understanding of the American Revolution and encourage new conversations about the nature of revolution, loyalty, freedom, and empire.
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